21.0 Expanded Orders of Battle

Due to space limitation, the Exclusive Rules contained only a summary of the Orders of Battle;  detailed versions are presented below. The primary source for this listing was Digby's Smith's estimable 1813 Leipzig: Napoleon and the Battle of the Nations (Greenhill/Stackpole 2001). As excellent as Smith's research is, the true numbers and organizations probably never will be known. Where gaps exist, I have filled them with Inherent Military Probabilites (i.e. guesses). Formations are noted in [brackets] by nationality. 

A Note on Unit Scale. A nominal "brigade" in the M&S system (see the Expanded Designer's Notes on this website) is about 3,000 men for the Napoleonic era. Because of the sheer scale of Leipzig -- easily the largest battle on the European continent prior to World War I -- and despite a triple ration of counters for the game, it was necessary to stretch the system parameters to accommodate all the units present on the battlefield. The infantry units in the game range from 1,000-7,000, with an average closer to 5,000 men; the map scale is increased by approximately the same percentage so unit frontages remain relatively constant. In another departure from the system standard, many batteries have had to be incorporated into the infantry and cavalry units; some of the artillery counters represent actual formations, others an abstract massing of batteries from subordinate units.

French Army

Note. All French divisions have two brigades unless otherwise noted. In practice, the divisions acted as a single unit, with battalions shifted between subordinate commanders as needed. For game purposes, all divisions (except those too small to have more than one counter) are shown with two brigades, the first having the divisional artillery to act as a base of fire while the "lighter" second brigade being the maneuver element. Marshal Ney effectively acted as a "wing" commander during the battle, handling the fighting north of the R. Parthe. Murat, though nominally commanding only the cavalry reserve, long had been Napoleon's "senior" marshal and had been in command of several infantry corps in the days leading up to the battle.

[1] The Imperial Guard

	1st Old Guard Division: 8 battalions, 2 batteries (6,000 men, 16 guns)
	2nd Old Guard Division: 9 battalions, 2 batteries (4,500 men, 16 guns)
	1st Young Guard Division: 12 battalions in 2 or 3 brigades, 3 batteries (6,000 men, 24 guns)
	2nd Young Guard Division: 12 battalions, 3 batteries (5,500 men, 24 guns)
	3rd Young Guard Division: 12 battalions, 3 batteries (4,500 men, 24 guns)
	4th Young Guard Division: 12 battalions, 3 batteries (5,500 men, 24 guns)
	Reserve Artillery: 4 heavy (12-pounder) batteries, 3 horse batteries (50 guns)
	1st Guard Cavalry Division: 17 squadrons, 1 battery (1,500 men, 6 guns)
	2nd Guard Cavalry Division: 10 squadrons, 1 battery (1,500 men, 6 guns)
	3rd Guard Cavalry Division (Old Guard Cavalry): 23 squadrons, 2 batteries (4,000 men, 12 guns)

Note. Napoleon nominally commanded the Guard personally. However, Gen. Nansouty led the cavalry while Marshal Oudinot commanded a "corps" consisting of the 1st & 3rd Young Guard Divisions and Marshal Mortier commanded the 2nd & 4th. The 1YG and 2YG artillery units represent divisional batteries for these latter groups. The 2nd Old Guard Division was half French (the 1st brigade), with the 2nd consisting of Italian, Polish, & German battalions. The 1st Guard Cavalry Division was largely non-French as well.

[2] 2nd Corps (Marshal Victor)
	4th Division: 12 battalions, 2 batteries (5,500 men, 16 guns)
	5th Division: 8 battalions, 1 battery (4,500 men, 8 guns)
	6th Division: 12 battalions, 2 batteries (6,000 men, 16 guns)
	No corps artillery reserve (the counter represents the divisional batteries)

[3] 3rd Corps (Gen. Souham vice Marshal Ney)
	8th Division: 15 battalions, 2 batteries (5,500 men, 16 guns)
	9th Division: 11 battalions, 2 batteries (4,750 men, 13 guns)
	11th Division: 14 battalions, 2 batteries (5,250 men, 12 guns)
	23rd Light Cavalry Brigade: 11 squadrons, 1 battery (1,000 men, 6 guns)
	Reserve Artillery: 3 batteries (18 guns)

[4] 4th Corps (Gen. Bertrand)
	12th Division: 14 battalions in 3 brigades, 2 batteries (5,500 men, 12 guns)
	15th (Italian) Division: 7 battalions in 3 brigades, 1 battery (1,750 men, 6 guns)
	38th (Württemburg) Division: 4 battalions, 1 squadron, 1 battery (1,250 men, 6 guns)
	29th Light Cavalry Brigade: 2 squadrons (250 men; too small to be presented in the game)
	Reserve Artillery: 1 battery (8 guns)

Note. The 15th and 38th Divisions had been mangled in earlier battles.

[5] 5th Corps (Gen. Lauriston)
	10th Division: 10 battalions, 2 batteries (3,750 men, 10 guns)
	16th Division: 9 battalions, 2 batteries (4,000 men, 10 guns)
	19th Division: 12 battalions, 2 batteries (3,750 men, 10 guns)
	6th Light Cavalry Brigade: 8 squadrons (750 men)
	Reserve Artillery: 5 batteries (23 guns)

[6] 6th Corps (Marshal Marmont)
	20th Division: 14 battalions, 2 batteries (4,750 men, 16 guns)
	21st Division: 14 battalions, 2 batteries (5,750 men, 16 guns)
	22nd Division: 14 battalions, 2 batteries (5,750 men, 16 guns)
	25th (Württemburg) Light Cavalry Brigade: 8 squadrons, 1 battery (1,000 men, 6 guns)
	Reserve Artillery: 5 batteries (36 guns)

[7] 7th Corps (Gen. Reynier)
	13th Division: 9 battalions, 1 battery (3,500 men, 6 guns)
	24th (Saxon) Division: 6 battalions, 2 batteries (4,500 men, 16 guns)
	32nd Division: 6 battalions, 1 battery (1,500 men, 6 guns)
	26th (Saxon) Light Cavalry Brigade: 11 squadrons, 1 battery (750 men, 4 guns)
	Reserve Artillery: 3 batteries (16 guns)

[8] 8th (Polish) Corps (Marshal Poniatowski)
	26th Division: 8 battalions, 3 batteries (3,250 men, 14 guns)
	27th Division: 8 battalions, 3 batteries (2,250 men, 12 guns)
	27th Light Cavalry Brigade: 6 squadrons (750 men)
	Reserve Artillery: 2 batteries (16 guns; included in the divisions)

[9] 9th Corps (Marshal Augereau)
	51st Division: 7 battalions, 3 batteries (4,250 men, 18 guns)
	52nd Division: 6 battalions, 2 batteries (4,500 men, 16 guns)
	Reserve Artillery: 2 batteries (16 guns; included in the divisions)

[11] 11th Corps (Marshal MacDonald)
	31st Division: 12 battalions (some Westphalian or Neapolitan) in 3 brigades, 3 batteries (5,000 men, 12 guns)
	35th Division: 10 battalions (some Italian), 2 batteries (3,500 men, 14 guns)
	36th Division: 11 battalions, 2 batteries (4,250 men, 16 guns)
	39th (Hessian & Baden) Division: 9 battalions, 2 batteries (4,500 men, 7 guns)
	28th (Italian) Light Cavalry Brigade: 7 squadrons (500 men)
	Reserve Artillery: 4 batteries (22 guns)

[12] 1st Cavalry Corps (Gen. Latour-Maubourg)
	1st Light Cavalry Brigade: 8 squadrons (750 men; included with 1st Light Cavalry Division)
	1st Light Cavalry Division: 14 squadrons, 1 battery (1,750 men, 6 guns)
	3rd Light Cavalry Division: 13 squadrons, 1 battery (1,750 men, 6 guns)
	1st Heavy Cavalry Division: 24 squadrons in 2 French & 1 Saxon brigades, 1 battery (1,250 men, 6 guns)
	3rd Heavy Cavalry Division: 21 squadrons, 1 battery (500 men, 6 guns)

[13] 2nd Cavalry Corps (Gen. Sebastiani)
	2nd Light Cavalry Division: 18 squadrons, ½ battery (1,750 men, 3 guns)
	4th Light Cavalry Division: 24 squadrons, ½ battery (2,000 men, 3 guns)
	2nd Heavy Cavalry Division: 14 squadrons, 1 battery (1,500 men, 6 guns)

[14] 3rd Cavalry Corps (Gen. Arrighi)
	5th Light Cavalry Division: 12 squadrons, ½ battery (1,750 men, 3 guns)
	6th Light Cavalry Division: 7 squadrons, ½ battery (2,000 men, 3 guns)
	4th Heavy Cavalry Division 
		Aximatowski's Brigade (attached to 3rd Corps): 5 squadrons (750 men)
		Cernay's Brigade (attached to Leipzig Garrison): 6 squadrons (750 men)

Note. The "Axim" counter is incorrectly marked as part of 4th Corps; it should have a formation of "3."

[15] 4th (Polish) Cavalry Corps (Gen. Sokolnicki vice Gen. Kellermann)
	7th Light Cavalry Division: 16 squadrons, 1 battery (1,500 men, 4 guns)
	8th Light Cavalry Division: 8 squadrons, 1 battery (750 men, 4 guns)

[16] 5th Cavalry Corps (Gen. Pajol)
	9th Light Cavalry Division: 13 squadrons (1,750 men)
	5th Heavy Cavalry Division: 15 squadrons, ½ battery (1,750 men, 3 guns)
	6th Heavy Cavalry Division: 12 squadrons (1,500 men)

[0] Independent Units
	Margaron's Division (Leipzig Garrison): 10 battalions, 3 batteries (4,000 men, 16 guns)
	Lefol's Division (a collection of stragglers and replacements en route to their parent regiments): 5 battalions, 1 battery (2,250 men, 6 guns)

Allied Armies

Note. The allied armies are listed below by nationality. The four field armies each contained a mix of nationalities, presumably to prevent the monarchs -- almost as suspicious of one another as afraid of Napoleon -- from adopting a too-parochial bias toward one organization. Only the Austrians and Swedes were concentrated in a single army. The four armies are:

	Army of Bohemia (Austrian General Schwarzenberg)
	Army of the North (Swedish Crown Prince Johann -- aka ex-Marshal Bernadotte)
	Army of Poland (Russian General Bennigsen)
	Army of Silesia (Prussian Marshal Blücher)

Austrian Forces (all in the Army of Bohemia)

Note. The Austrian army had been rebuilt and reorganized three times in the preceding decade to reflect lessons learned from repeated defeats. In the current iteration, each corps had one (or two) light divisions, intended to act as an advance- or rear-guard or for independent missions. Most of the army's cavalry and light troops were concentrated in these divisions. The bulk of the fighting was to be done by the line divisions, each brigade of which was accompanied by one or two batteries. This both slowed the infantry and dispersed the artillery, but there were sufficient guns to provide a reserve to each corps and to the army commander. The same did not apply to the cavalry: the dispersal of troopers to the light divisions left only a single division of heavy cavalry as an army reserve. The Austrian are best described as "stolid." 

[1] 1st Corps (Gen. Colloredo)

	Division M. Liechenstein (Hmbrg & Schie): 4 battalions, 16 squadrons, 2 batteries (5,000 men, 12 guns)
	Division Bubna (Rhein & Wie): 4 battalions, 10 squadrons, 2 batteries (4,250 men, 12 guns)
	Division Hardegg (Neipp & Raige): 3 battalions, 16 squadrons, 2 batteries (4,250 men, 12 guns)
	Division Wimpffen (Giff & Czer): 11 battalions, 3 batteries (8,500 men, 22 guns)
	Division Greth (Muhl & Quos): 9 battalions, 3 batteries (7,250 men, 22 guns)
	Artillery Reserve: 3 batteries (18 guns)

Note. "Muhl" should read "Mumb"

[2] 2nd Corps (Gen. Meerveldt)
	Division Lederer (Sorb & Long): 5 battalions, 9 squadrons, 2 batteries (5,000 men, 12 guns)
	Division A. Liechenstein (Enns & Mecs): 12 battalions, 2 batteries (9,500 men, 16 guns)
	Artillery Reserve: 3 batteries (18 guns)

[3] 3rd Corps (Gen. Gyulai)
	Division Crenneville (Hächt): 2 battalions, 13 squadrons, 1 battery (3,000 men, 6 guns)
	Division Murray (Weig & Lmez): 10 battalions, 2 batteries (8,000 men, 16 guns)
	Division P. Hessen-Homburg (Csoll & Grim): 10 battalions, 2 batteries (8,000 men, 16 guns)
	Artillery Reserve: 3 batteries (18 guns)

Note. "Lmez" should be "Lowe."

[4] 4th Corps (Gen. Klenau)
	Division Mohr (Paum): 3 battalions, 10 squadrons, 2 batteries (3,500 men, 10 guns)
	Division Hohenlohe (Schaf & Splen): 11 battalions, 2 batteries (8,500 men, 12 guns)
	Division Mayer (Abele & Best): 10 battalions, 2 batteries (8,000 men, 12 guns)
	Artillery Reserve: 2 batteries (10 guns)

[5] Reserve Corps (Gen. F. Hessen-Homburg)
	Grenadier Division (Furst & Watz): 8 battalions, 2 batteries (7,000 men, 16 guns)
	Division Bianchi (Beck, Haug, & Qual): 12 battalions, 3 batteries (9.500 men, 24 guns)
	Division Nostitz (divided into "wings" under Civalart "C" & Klebelsberg "K"): 28 Squadrons (3,000 men)
	Army Reserve Artillery: 14 batteries (112 guns)

Note. The reserve artillery was not nominally part of the Reserve Corps but part of a separate organization. As a practical matter both corps fulfilled the same function so are merged for game purposes.

Prussian Forces

Note. Each Prussian corps was intended to be an entirely self-contained organization, so there was no army reserve of artillery or cavalry. The infantry brigades (divisions in any other army) were a mix of regular army (Line) and Landwehr (militia) battalions. Ideally, they fought as a single cohesive group on a firing line fed constantly by fresh units, rather than as a set of separate maneuver groups. Each brigade generally had one or more batteries and several squadrons attached, though they are included here as corps assets. The three corps have slightly different presentations in the game to reflect the different modes of fighting each undertook. See the discussion in the Expanded Designer's Notes.

[0] Prussian Guard (King Frederick William; Army of Bohemia)
	Infantry (Alvensleben): 6½ battalions, 1 battery (4,500 men, 8 guns)
	Cavalry (Starkenfels): 11 squadrons, 1 battery (1,500 men, 8 guns)

[1] Prussian 1st Corps (Gen. v. Yorck; Army of Silesia)
	1st Brigade: 11 battalions (8,750 men)
	2nd Brigade: 7 battalions (7,250 men)
	7th Brigade: 8½ battalions (8,250 men)
	8th Brigade: 8 battalions (7,000 men)
	Cavalry (3 brigades): 45½ squadrons (5,000 men)
	Artillery: 13 batteries (104 guns)

[2] Prussian 2nd Corps (Gen. v. Kleist; Army of Bohemia)
	9th Brigade: 8½ battalions (5,500 men)
	10th Brigade: 7 battalions (4,500 men)
	11th Brigade: 7½ battalions (5,000 men)
	12th Brigade: 8 battalions (5,000 men)
	Cavalry (2 brigades): 32 squadrons (4,000 men)
	Artillery: 10 batteries (80 guns)

[3] Prussian 3rd Corps (Gen. v. Bülow; Army of the North)
	3rd Brigade: 10 battalions (6,500 men)
	5th Brigade: 11 battalions (7,000 men)
	6th Brigade: 10 battalions (5,500 men)
	Cavalry (2 brigades): 39 squadrons (4,250 men)
	Artillery: 11 batteries (94 guns)

Russian Forces

Note. Each Russian corps nominally consisted of 2 divisions, each of 3 brigades of 2 regiments of 2 battalions each. One brigade in each division was composed of Jägers, aka light infantry. The presentation of these units was made difficult by two factors. First, the attrition of the 1812 campaign had worn some divisions to barely more than a strong battalion. Second, for various reasons (accommodating the Byzantine rank structure and a worry lest Russians be used as cannon fodder), extra-large corps were formed under Docturov, Sacken, and Winzingerode, plus a group of corps under Langeron. The Roman numerals after some commanders represent the convention of numbering like-named commanders in the Russian army.

[1] The Reserve Corps (Grand Prince Constantin; Army of Bohemia)

	Guards Division Rosen (Pot & Bist): 10 battalions, 1 battery (4,000 men, 12 guns)
	Guards Division Udom I (Krys & Schel): 8 battalions, 1 battery (3,000 men, 12 guns)
	1st Grenadier Division (Knia, Oct, & Jem): 12 battalions, 1 battery (5,000 men, 12 guns)
	2nd Grenadier Division (Lev, Dum, & Hess): 10 battalions, 1 battery (4,000 men, 12 guns)
	1st Guards Cuirassier Division: 20 squadrons, 1 battery (2,000 men, 12 guns)
	2nd Guards Cuirassier Division: 18 squadrons, 1 battery (1,750 men, 12 guns)
	3rd Guards Cuirassier Division: 16 squadrons, 1 battery (1,500 men, 12 guns)
	Guards Light Cavalry Division: 18 squadrons (1,750 men)
	Heavy batteries: 2 batteries, 36 guns

Note. The Grenadier divisions nominally formed a separate corps, but are merged with the Guards for game purposes since both corps weer directed by Constantin. The artillery counter does not represent an actual unit, but a group of heavy batteries. In practice, one of the batteries supported the two Guards infantry divisions, the other supporting the Grenadier divisions.

[2] 1st Corps (Gen. Gortschakoff II; Army of Bohemia)
	5th Division: 13 battalions, 1 battery (2,500 men, 12 guns)
	14th Division: 12 battalions, 1 battery (2,500 men, 12 guns)
	Artillery: 1 battery (12 guns)

[3] Russian 2nd Corps (Army of Bohemia)
	3rd Division: 13 battalions, 1 battery (2,500 men, 12 guns)
	4th Division: 12 battalions, 1 battery (2,500 men, 12 guns)
	Artillery: 3 battery (36 guns)

[4] Sacken's Corps (Gen. Sacken; Army of Silesia)
	10th Division: 10 battalions (3,000 men)
	16th Division (1 brigade): 4 battalions (750 men)
	27th Division: 7 battalions (3,000 men)
	2nd Hussar Division (Yurk & Wasill): 21 squadrons (2,500 men)
	3rd Dragoon Division (1 brigade; Ush): 7 squadrons (500 men)
	Karpov's Cossack Division: (2,500 men)
	Artillery: 5 batteries (60 guns)

Langeron's Command (Gen. Langeron; Army of Silesia)

	[7] Korff's Cavalry Division: 14 squadrons regular cavalry, 6 squadrons plus 2 regiments of Cossacks (3,000 men)

    [5] 8th Corps (Gen. Saint-Priest)
	11th Division: 8 battalions (3,500 men)
	17th Division: 12 battalions (4,000 men)
	Artillery: 5 batteries (60 guns)

    [6] 9th Corps (Gen. Olsuvieff)
	9th Division: 8 battalions (3,250 men)
	15th Division: 8 battalions (2,750 men)
	Artillery: 2 batteries (24 guns)

    [7] 10th Corps (Gen. Kapsevitch)
	8th Division: 8 battalions (3,000 men)
	22nd Division: 8 battalions (3,000 men)
	Artillery: 4 batteries (38 guns)
	Reserve Artillery (Lang): 4 batteries (48 guns)

[8] Wintzingerode's Corps (Gen. Wintzingerode; Army of the North) 
	Advance Guard: 5 battalions, 9 squadrons, 7 Cossack regiments, 1 battery (6.250 men, 12 guns)
	21st Division: 6 battalions, 2 batteries (4,000 men, 24 guns)
	24th Division: 10 battalions, 1 battery (4,250 men, 12 guns)
	Harpe's Division: 4 infantry and 3 grenadier battalions, 3 batteries (4,500 men, 24 guns)
	Artillery (Wintz): represents batteries drawn from the divisions
	Manteuffel's Cavalry Division: 12 squadrons, 1 battery (1,500 men, 8 guns)
	Pahlen's Cavalry Division (with attached brigade): 9 squadrons, 2 batteries (2,000 men, 16 guns)
	Cossacks: (1,750 men)

[9] Army of Poland
	Advance Guard Division: 4 Jäger battalions, 10 squadrons, 3 Cossack regiments, 2 batteries (8,000 men, 14 guns)
	Tschaplitz' Cavalry Division (Repn & Kreutz): 25 squadrons, 1 battery (3,500 men, 12 guns)
	Knorring's Cavalry Brigade: 6 squadrons, 3 Cossack/Baschkir regiments (750 men)
	Reserve Artillery: 5 batteries (60 guns)

    Docturov's Corps (Gen. Docturov; Army of Poland)
	12th Division: 8 battalions, 2 batteries (6,250 men, 24 guns)
	13th Division: 10 battalions, 2 batteries (7,000 men, 24 guns)
	26th Division: 12 battalions, 2 batteries (7,250 men, 24 guns)
	Artillery (Doct): represents batteries drawn from the divisions

[0] Independent Units (Army of Bohemia)
	Pahlen's Cavalry Division: 24 squadrons (2,000 men)
	Illowaiski's Cossack Brigade: 4 regiments (1,000 men)
	Platov's Don Cossack Corps: 10 regiments (3,750 men)

Swedish Forces (Army of the North) 

Note. The Swedish army was organized along more or less French lines. The 1st Division also contained a Cavalry Brigade (6 squadrons, 500 men) which has been incorporated into the Cavalry Division. The artillery reserve is not represented by a counter due to its small size and weight.

	1st Division (1 & 2): 10 battalions, 2 batteries (6,000 men, 12 guns)
	2nd Division (3, 4, & 6): 13 battalions, 2 batteries (8,250 men, 12 guns)
	Cavalry Division: 21 squadrons, 1 battery (2,000 men, 6 guns)
	Artillery Reserve: 2 batteries (12 guns + a British rocket battery)